Observational desk
One chart per question.
Instrument Record is a desk of published measurements: satellite and surface temperatures, CO₂, ice, snow, the Sun, and geological time. Toggle the product, the region, the smoother, and the baseline without leaving the figure.
A related observational archive is climate4you.com.
UAH TLT
0.48°C
UAH TLT globe · 2026-07
Mauna Loa CO₂
429.1ppm
Mauna Loa CO₂ · 2026-07
Arctic ice
7.7110⁶ km²
Arctic sea ice extent · 2026-07
Sunspots
78.10SN
Sunspot number · 2026-07
Global temperature — all products, one pane
UAH v6.1 · RSS TLT v4 · HadCRUT5 · GISTEMP v4. Re-baselined in the browser.
Native baselines differ (UAH 1991–2020, HadCRUT 1961–1990, GISS 1951–1980). Switch “Baseline” to put them on the same zero. The 37-month mean is a three-year running average — long enough to blunt ENSO, short enough to keep the El Niño steps.
Paleoclimate history — 800,000 years
Bereiter 2015 Antarctic CO₂ · Jouzel 2007 EPICA Dome C. Present at right; shaded band is the Holocene.
Proxy temperature biases
Calibration slope
1.00×
Multiplies EDC ΔT. Jouzel used 6.04 ‰/°C and did not apply a source-temperature correction to the full profile. ±25% is about ±2.6°C at the −10.6°C glacial minimum.
Systematic isotope bias
0.00 °C
Moisture source and vapor exchange shift the whole curve. CO₂ and the thermometers are not moved. On LR04 this is only −0.23 ‰ per °C.
Elevation correction
0.00 °C glacial
Dome C elevation changed ~100–120 m, about 1°C at 9°C/km, already inside the published curve. This adds or removes that much again, and only where the ice is cold.
Early-Holocene seasonality
0.00 °C at 10 ka
Snowfall seasonality. Peaks at 10 ka and is zero outside 6–14 ka. About 1°C at Dome C, smaller than the Greenland term. Glacials do not move.
Ice-age CO₂ stays inside ~170–300 ppm. The tick at the far right is Mauna Loa. Open Paleoclimate for the Holocene and 2,000-year zooms on the same archives.
Temperature
Quality classes, land/ocean, tropics and poles — one regional toggle instead of a wall of maps.
Atmosphere
Mauna Loa plus Law Dome: 2,000 years of CO₂ on one axis.
Ocean
Ocean troposphere, Niño, and the tide-gauge vs altimeter sea-level argument on one figure.
Ice
Arctic and Antarctic extent plus a seasonal envelope of every year on one clock.
Sun
SILSO sunspots since 1749 overlaid on tropospheric temperature.
Paleoclimate
800 kyr ice cores, Holocene, and Law Dome to Mauna Loa — nested, present at right.
Mechanism
Pressure, sunlight, albedo — then composition. Six worlds, SLP vs HadCRUT, CERES.